Glossary - Revision history

BTackt at 22:35, 22 May 2025

2025-05-22T22:35:58Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 22:35, 22 May 2025
Line 1:		Line 1:
			{{Cleanup}}

	This glossary will help you with terms that you may come across in the steno community.		This glossary will help you with terms that you may come across in the steno community.

BTackt: broken link; above is a broken image. needs to be uploaded to the wiki. discord is not a media hosting site and links break

2025-05-22T22:35:27Z

broken link; above is a broken image. needs to be uploaded to the wiki. discord is not a media hosting site and links break

← Older revision		Revision as of 22:35, 22 May 2025
Line 6:		Line 6:
	<img alt="toggle arpeggiating checkbox to enable" src="https://media.discordapp.net/attachments/144999734254370816/712119290442023042/unknown.png" >		<img alt="toggle arpeggiating checkbox to enable" src="https://media.discordapp.net/attachments/144999734254370816/712119290442023042/unknown.png" >

	The term "arpeggiate" is analogous to individually playing each note of a musical chord. See [[~~Learning~~ Stenography#Cheat Sheets~~\|cheat sheets~~]] for pictures of how keyboard keys correspond to steno keys.		The term "arpeggiate" is analogous to individually playing each note of a musical chord. See [[Stenography Cheat Sheets]] for pictures of how keyboard keys correspond to steno keys.

	=== Brief ===		=== Brief ===

Crorl: /* Long */

2024-08-19T08:54:57Z

Long

← Older revision		Revision as of 08:54, 19 August 2024
Line 9:		Line 9:

	=== Brief ===		=== Brief ===
	Also known as the "abbreviation", "short form", or "arbitrary". Briefs ~~are simply non-phonetic~~ mappings of steno outlines to English words or phrases. Common words and phrases are often briefed for the purpose of speed. ~~For instance, the phrase "from time to time" would regularly be written out:~~		Also known as the "abbreviation", "short form", or "arbitrary". Briefs describe any less rigid mappings of steno outlines to English words or phrases. They can vaguely represent some of the spelling or sounds of the output, or have no relation between the outline and output. Common words and phrases are often briefed for the purpose of speed.

	<code>~~FROM~~/~~TAOIM~~/TO/~~TAOIM~~</code> (reads: "from/time/to/time" and takes four strokes)		For instance, the phrase "from time to time" would regularly be written out:

			<code>TPROPL/TAOEUPL/TO/TAOEUPL</code> (reads: "from/time/to/time" and takes four strokes)

	Or, as a simple brief:		Or, as a simple brief:

	<code>~~FRIMT~~</code> (reads: "frimt" and takes only one stroke)		<code>TPREUPLT</code> (reads: "frimt" and takes only one stroke. This phrase brief vaguely represents the sounds and spelling of the words outputted.)

	Theories that rely on significant amounts of briefs are considered '''brief-heavy''''','' and considered to require a heavy mental load due to the memorisation required. A theory that is known for being brief-heavy in the industry is [[Magnum]].		Theories that rely on significant amounts of briefs are considered '''brief-heavy''''','' and considered to require a heavy mental load due to the memorisation required. A theory that is known for being brief-heavy in the industry is [[Magnum theory\|Magnum]].

	=== Chord ===		=== Chord ===
Line 37:		Line 39:

	=== Long ===		=== Long ===
	Describes a theory that has words that are written with very many strokes. This often means ~~very little information~~ is ~~omitted when words are converted to shorthand, whether it is orthographic or phonetic information~~.		Describes a theory that has words that are written with very many strokes. This often means [[Glossary#Write Out\|write outs]].

			[[RWG theory]] is often regarded as being quite long.

	''See also: [[Glossary#Short\|Short]]''		''See also: [[Glossary#Short\|Short]]''
Line 125:		Line 129:

	=== Write Out ===		=== Write Out ===
	The opposite of a [[Glossary#Brief\|brief]] is writing out the word according to your theory. In Plover, this would refer to the fact that you are sounding a word out, rather than using its brief. E.g. writing out <code>O/PEUPB/KWROPB</code> instead of using the brief <code>P-PB</code> for the word "opinion".		The opposite of a [[Glossary#Brief\|brief]] is writing out the word according to the more consistent rules of your theory. Very little information is omitted when words are converted to shorthand, whether it is orthographic or phonetic information. In Plover, this would refer to the fact that you are sounding a word out, rather than using its brief. E.g. writing out <code>O/PEUPB/KWROPB</code> instead of using the brief <code>P-PB</code> for the word "opinion".

	This generally leads to a more [[Glossary#Stroke\|stroke-heavy]] form of writing.		This generally leads to a more [[Glossary#Stroke\|stroke-heavy]] form of writing.

Crorl: /* Philly Shift */

2024-08-19T08:43:08Z

Philly Shift

← Older revision		Revision as of 08:43, 19 August 2024
Line 61:		Line 61:

	=== Philly Shift ===		=== Philly Shift ===
	Shifting the right hand one column to the right, typically in order to write the normally not possible <code>-TZ</code> and <code>-SD</code> chords.		Shifting the right hand one column to the right, typically in order to write the normally not possible <code>-TZ</code> and <code>-SD</code> chords. This technique is named after the theory from which it originated, in the [[Philadelphia Clinic Theory]].

	=== Phonetic ===		=== Phonetic ===

Crorl: /* Mandatory */ add link to write out

2024-08-19T08:39:42Z

Mandatory: add link to write out

← Older revision		Revision as of 08:39, 19 August 2024
Line 42:		Line 42:

	=== Mandatory ===		=== Mandatory ===
	A typically arbitrary brief which is the only correct way to write the word. For example, <code>-T</code> is the only outline for ''the'' in the default dictionary, with no written out outline.		A typically arbitrary brief which is the only correct way to write the word. For example, <code>-T</code> is the only outline for ''the'' in the default dictionary, with no [[Glossary#Write Out\|written out]] outline.

	=== Misstroke ===		=== Misstroke ===

Crorl: Added Short and Long

2024-08-19T08:38:38Z

Added Short and Long

← Older revision		Revision as of 08:38, 19 August 2024
Line 35:		Line 35:
	=== JSON ===		=== JSON ===
	JSON, in the context of stenography, is a dictionary format which maps steno strokes to translations. You will often see strokes expressed in the JSON format, such as <code>"SKP": "and"</code>.		JSON, in the context of stenography, is a dictionary format which maps steno strokes to translations. You will often see strokes expressed in the JSON format, such as <code>"SKP": "and"</code>.

			=== Long ===
			Describes a theory that has words that are written with very many strokes. This often means very little information is omitted when words are converted to shorthand, whether it is orthographic or phonetic information.

			''See also: [[Glossary#Short\|Short]]''

	=== Mandatory ===		=== Mandatory ===
Line 62:		Line 67:

	''See also: [[Glossary#Orthographic\|Orthographic]]''		''See also: [[Glossary#Orthographic\|Orthographic]]''

			=== Phrase ===
			A stenographic definition that outputs multiple words.

	=== RTF/CRE ===		=== RTF/CRE ===
Line 73:		Line 81:

	You might notice strokes in Plover's default dictionary that map to, for example, <code>"T-S": "{^s it}"</code>. These were entered to fix stacking issues on Mirabai's old steno machine, but aren't relevant for most users and can safely be overwritten.		You might notice strokes in Plover's default dictionary that map to, for example, <code>"T-S": "{^s it}"</code>. These were entered to fix stacking issues on Mirabai's old steno machine, but aren't relevant for most users and can safely be overwritten.

			=== Short ===
			Describes a theory that has words that are written with few strokes. This usually means a high amount of [[Glossary#Brief\|briefs]] and [[Glossary#Phrase\|phrases]], and a vaguer representation of words.

			See also: ''[[Glossary#Long\|Long]]''

	=== Steno Dictionary ===		=== Steno Dictionary ===

Crorl: /* Write Out */ Mentioned stroke-heavy

2024-08-19T00:21:28Z

Write Out: Mentioned stroke-heavy

← Older revision		Revision as of 00:21, 19 August 2024
Line 85:		Line 85:
	For example, the [[Glossary#Outline\|outline]] <code>STPHOG/TPER</code> for ''stenographer'' consists of two strokes, <code>STPHOG</code> and <code>TPER</code>.		For example, the [[Glossary#Outline\|outline]] <code>STPHOG/TPER</code> for ''stenographer'' consists of two strokes, <code>STPHOG</code> and <code>TPER</code>.

	Theories that use many strokes to represent multi-syllable words are considered '''stroke-heavy'''''.''		Theories that use many strokes to represent multi-syllable words are considered '''stroke-heavy''' or '''stroke-intensive'''''.''

	For example, if a theory used the strokes <code>STE/TPHO/TKPWRA/TPER</code> for ''stenographer,'' it would be less brieflike and represent the original word more accurately, but it requires two more strokes.		For example, if a theory used the strokes <code>STE/TPHO/TKPWRA/TPER</code> for ''stenographer,'' it would be less brieflike and represent the original word more accurately, but it requires two more strokes.
Line 112:		Line 112:

	=== Write Out ===		=== Write Out ===
	The opposite of a [[Glossary#Brief\|brief]] is writing out the word according to your theory. In Plover, this would refer to the fact that you are sounding a word out, rather than using its brief. E.g. writing out <code>O/PEUPB/KWROPB</code> instead of using the brief <code>P-PB</code> for the word "opinion".		The opposite of a [[Glossary#Brief\|brief]] is writing out the word according to your theory. In Plover, this would refer to the fact that you are sounding a word out, rather than using its brief. E.g. writing out <code>O/PEUPB/KWROPB</code> instead of using the brief <code>P-PB</code> for the word "opinion".

			This generally leads to a more [[Glossary#Stroke\|stroke-heavy]] form of writing.

	=== Writing ===		=== Writing ===
	Professional stenographers do not like being referred to as "typists" because it normalizes the complex system that stenography is. On a steno machine, you do not "type". Instead, they call it "writing". Some stenographers are more sensitive to this than others. Generally, you "type" on a keyboard, and "write" on a steno machine. Steno machines were traditionally called "stenotypes", but that usage has died out over time.		Professional stenographers do not like being referred to as "typists" because it normalizes the complex system that stenography is. On a steno machine, you do not "type". Instead, they call it "writing". Some stenographers are more sensitive to this than others. Generally, you "type" on a keyboard, and "write" on a steno machine. Steno machines were traditionally called "stenotypes", but that usage has died out over time.
	[[Category:Stenography]]		[[Category:Stenography]]

Crorl: /* Steno Theory */ Added brief-heavy and stroke-heavy. Adjusted Steno Theory to refer to other terminology within the glossary.

2024-08-19T00:18:31Z

Steno Theory: Added brief-heavy and stroke-heavy. Adjusted Steno Theory to refer to other terminology within the glossary.

← Older revision		Revision as of 00:18, 19 August 2024
Line 16:		Line 16:

	<code>FRIMT</code> (reads: "frimt" and takes only one stroke)		<code>FRIMT</code> (reads: "frimt" and takes only one stroke)

			Theories that rely on significant amounts of briefs are considered '''brief-heavy''''','' and considered to require a heavy mental load due to the memorisation required. A theory that is known for being brief-heavy in the industry is [[Magnum]].

	=== Chord ===		=== Chord ===
Line 44:		Line 46:

	=== Orthographic ===		=== Orthographic ===
	Relating to spelling. For example, assigning spellings to chords can be described as orthographic. Orthographic ''rules'' guide the definition of outlines based on the written form of the output more than the sounds of the output. Orthographic ''theories'' use more orthographic rules than phonetic rules, though the usage of the term is often relative to other theories. A theory that is often regarded as being more orthographic is [[Realwrite/Realtime]].		Relating to spelling. For example, assigning spellings to chords can be described as orthographic. Orthographic ''rules'' guide the definition of outlines based on the written form of the output more than the sounds of the output. Orthographic ''theories'' use more orthographic rules than phonetic rules, though the usage of the term is often relative to other theories. A theory that is often regarded as being more orthographic is [[Realwrite/Realtime]].

			Generally, theories that heavily rely on orthographic rules end up [[Glossary#Stroke\|stroke-heavy]]!

	''See also: [[Glossary#Orthography\|Phonetic]]''		''See also: [[Glossary#Orthography\|Phonetic]]''
Line 55:		Line 59:

	=== Phonetic ===		=== Phonetic ===
	Relating to pronunciation. For example, assigning sounds to chords can be described as phonetic. Phonetic ''rules'' guide the definition of outlines based on the sounds of the words more than the written form of the output. Phonetic ''theories'' use more phonetic rules than orthographic rules, though the usage of the term is often relative to other theories. A theory that is often regarded as being more phonetic is [[Phoenix]].		Relating to pronunciation. For example, assigning sounds to chords can be described as phonetic. Phonetic ''rules'' guide the definition of outlines based on the sounds of the words more than the written form of the output. Phonetic ''theories'' use more phonetic rules than orthographic rules, though the usage of the term is often relative to other theories. A theory that is often regarded as being more phonetic is [[Phoenix]]. Generally, theories that heavily rely on phonetic rules run into [[Glossary#Conflict\|conflicts]]!

	''See also: [[Glossary#Orthographic\|Orthographic]]''		''See also: [[Glossary#Orthographic\|Orthographic]]''
Line 77:		Line 81:

	=== Stroke ===		=== Stroke ===
	A group of keys that is pressed all at once in order to write a word or a part of a word. For example, the [[Glossary#Outline\|outline]] <code>STPHOG/TPER</code> for ''stenographer'' consists of two strokes, <code>STPHOG</code> and <code>TPER</code>.		A group of keys that is pressed all at once in order to write a word or a part of a word.

			For example, the [[Glossary#Outline\|outline]] <code>STPHOG/TPER</code> for ''stenographer'' consists of two strokes, <code>STPHOG</code> and <code>TPER</code>.

			Theories that use many strokes to represent multi-syllable words are considered '''stroke-heavy'''''.''

			For example, if a theory used the strokes <code>STE/TPHO/TKPWRA/TPER</code> for ''stenographer,'' it would be less brieflike and represent the original word more accurately, but it requires two more strokes.

	=== Steno Theory ===		=== Steno Theory ===
	A ~~"system" or way~~ of thinking ~~that determines~~ which steno strokes will match to which words. Theories range ~~generally~~ from ~~being based on spelling ("brief-heavy")~~ to ~~being based on the sound of the word ("stroke-heavy")~~. The dictionary included with Plover uses a theory based on "NYCI theory", which is descended from StenEd. It offers a hybrid between a brief-heavy and stroke-heavy theory. It is recommended to start learning with Plover theory, and you will likely learn what style you like and you can always switch later. Mirabai uses the Plover dictionary ~~professionally~~.		A set of stenographic rules that guides the thinking of the user to determine which steno strokes will match to which words. Theories range on a spectrum from [[Glossary#Orthographic\|''orthographic'']] to [[Glossary#Phonetic\|''phonetic'']]. The dictionary included with Plover uses [[Plover theory]], which is based on "NYCI theory", which is further descended from StenEd. It offers a hybrid between a [[Glossary#Brief\|brief-heavy]] and [[Glossary#Stroke\|stroke-heavy]] theory. It is recommended to start learning with Plover theory, and you will likely learn what style you like and you can always switch later. Mirabai Knight, the founder of Plover, uses the Plover dictionary as a professional captioner.

	=== Suffix folding or tucking ===		=== Suffix folding or tucking ===

Crorl: /* Chord */ chords don't necessarily represent just sounds

2024-08-19T00:00:04Z

Chord: chords don't necessarily represent just sounds

← Older revision		Revision as of 00:00, 19 August 2024
Line 18:		Line 18:

	=== Chord ===		=== Chord ===
	A group of keys ~~representing a certain sound~~. For example, <code>TPH-</code> is a chord that represents the initial N sound.		A group of keys pressed together. For example, <code>TPH-</code> is a chord that represents the initial N sound.

	=== Conflict ===		=== Conflict ===

Crorl: /* Orthographic */ Added "Fingerspelling" and "Orthospelling". Expanded "Orthographic" and "Phonetic".

2024-08-18T23:58:02Z

Orthographic: Added "Fingerspelling" and "Orthospelling". Expanded "Orthographic" and "Phonetic".

← Older revision		Revision as of 23:58, 18 August 2024
Line 27:		Line 27:
	=== Dragging ===		=== Dragging ===
	Dragging is the term used to describe accidentally dragging another key into your stroke. E.g. if you try to write <code>-F</code> but then drag your finger to the left, you might hit <code>*F</code> instead.		Dragging is the term used to describe accidentally dragging another key into your stroke. E.g. if you try to write <code>-F</code> but then drag your finger to the left, you might hit <code>*F</code> instead.

			=== Fingerspelling ===
			Fingerspelling comprises rules that allow for output of individual characters to handle arbitrary strings of text. This is most often the case for writing individual letters of the alphabet.

	=== JSON ===		=== JSON ===
Line 41:		Line 44:

	=== Orthographic ===		=== Orthographic ===
	Relating to spelling. For example, assigning spellings to chords can be described as orthographic.		Relating to spelling. For example, assigning spellings to chords can be described as orthographic. Orthographic ''rules'' guide the definition of outlines based on the written form of the output more than the sounds of the output. Orthographic ''theories'' use more orthographic rules than phonetic rules, though the usage of the term is often relative to other theories. A theory that is often regarded as being more orthographic is [[Realwrite/Realtime]].

	''See also: [[Glossary#Orthography\|Phonetic]]''		''See also: [[Glossary#Orthography\|Phonetic]]''

			=== Orthospelling ===
			A hobbyist specific term that refers to theories that are fully orthographic. Orthospelling rules are seen as an expansion upon ''[[Glossary#Fingerspelling\|fingerspelling]]'' allowing for output more than two arbitrary letters at a time. [[Shrimple]] is a popular hobbyist orthospelling engine.

	=== Philly Shift ===		=== Philly Shift ===
Line 49:		Line 55:

	=== Phonetic ===		=== Phonetic ===
	Relating to pronunciation. For example, assigning sounds to chords can be described as phonetic.		Relating to pronunciation. For example, assigning sounds to chords can be described as phonetic. Phonetic ''rules'' guide the definition of outlines based on the sounds of the words more than the written form of the output. Phonetic ''theories'' use more phonetic rules than orthographic rules, though the usage of the term is often relative to other theories. A theory that is often regarded as being more phonetic is [[Phoenix]].

	''See also: [[Glossary#Orthographic\|Orthographic]]''		''See also: [[Glossary#Orthographic\|Orthographic]]''